What's a Dresden diamond and why is it called that? Is that where they're mined?

The Dresden Green diamond is a 41 carats (8.2 g) natural green diamond, which originated in Kollur mine in state of Andhra Pradesh in Indian subcontinent. It has a historical record dating back to 1722, when a London news-sheet carried an article about it in its 25 October-27th edition.
It is named after Dresden, the capital of Saxony, Germany where it has been on display for most of the last two centuries. In 2000, American jeweler, Harry Winston arranged to display the Dresden Green in his New York store and then at the Smithsonian in Washington DC, USA, where it was displayed in the Harry Winston pavilion next to the largest blue diamond in the world, the Hope diamond.

The stone's unique green color is due to natural exposure to radioactive materials. The stone is being used to compare natural versus lab-produced green diamonds — it is hoped that it can be used to devise a test to differentiate between naturally green diamonds, which are quite rare, and lab-produced ones.

The Dresden Green Diamond is said to be internally flawless.
This diamond is located in the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden "The New Green Vault"

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It's not A Dresden green diamond, it's THE Dresden Green diamond. The Dresden Green is one of the largest most expensive colored diamonds in the world. It wasn't mined in Dresden, it probably came from India, but it's called the Dresden Green because it was in Dresden for about 200 years. A polish king who had a castle there housed a lot of his valuables in a few of its rooms and the giant magnificent green diamond was one of them. That's why it is named the Dresden Green. But there aren't many of them, it's just the one. It was featured at the Smithsonian museum in Washington next to the Hope diamond, which is the largest blue diamond in the world. There is also only the one blue Hope diamond. It isn't a type of diamond, it's the name of the one specific one. Nowadays there are methods of coloring diamonds artificially and the Dresden Green might be used as a sort of comparing device which green colored diamonds are measured against in order to determine whether a diamond is artificially colored green or whether it is a rare naturally green diamond.

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