How is gold extracted from the earth?

There are a few differnt ways to find gold. Gold panning, Wide, shallow pans are filled with sand and gravel that may contain gold. Sluice box to extract gold from placer deposits. Trommels, to remove the larger alluvial materials such as boulders and gravel, before concentrating the remainder in a sluice box or jig plant. suction dredges. These are small machines that float on the water and are usually operated by one or two people. A suction dredge consists of a sluice box supported by pontoons, attached to a suction hose which is controlled by a miner working beneath the water. A cradle rocks back and forth while water was poured over it. The sand and gravel was washed through the screen of the cradle, leaving the gold behind. Hard rock gold mining extracts gold encased in rock and also open-pit mining. A high-banker is used allot with metal detecting.
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There are many different methods of extracting gold, and I listed below a few major ones which are very widely used:

Gold Panning is the manual technique of filtering potential gold particles from a sample of sand with the use of a wide pan, which is suitable for gold found in placer deposits [ADD_LINK]. When water is added and the pan is shaken, due to the fact that gold is heavier than sands, it sinks to the bottom, allowing a clear view of the gold flakes. Collection in this manner could be made more effective when using mechanic hydraulic mining equipment which creates pulses of water pressure that act in the same way. However, environmental activists claim that use of hydraulic mining is very destructive because it pollutes previously clear running rivers with silt.

Metal Detecting is also an effective way of uncovering gold reserves underground. This technique is very popular amongst gold diggers, and has proved to yield outstanding results, such as the famous "Hand of Faith" [ADD_LINK] gold nugget that was discovered in this manner.

Hard Rock / Underground Mining is used for gold reserves that are trapped inside a rock and this method of mining actually accounts for most of the world's gold. This method uses drilling machines that are capable of penetrating the hard exterior of the rock.

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The process of cyanide leaching is extremely popular amongst mining corporation as a mean of extracting gold from ores, as it helps in exposing gold particles, nonetheless cyanide is in fact a very toxic solution. There is much controversy circling the field of gold extraction via use of cyanide and mercury, as it proved to cause much pollution to our environment. If cyanide leaks occur, they could be deadly to nearby plant life, fish and even human beings. I recently read an article about a relatively new company in the field of gold extraction which avoids the use of this poisonous leaching solution. The small US company named Haber Inc. guarantees that their innovative new gold extraction technology is an environmentally friendly one. The company developed the Haber Gold Process (HGP) which is based on a non-toxic chemical system that is 10 times even more effective than cyanide leaching in terms of speed and results. Haber Inc. even claims that the overall cost of their gold process is equal to, if not less than, cyanide leaching costs. This fact only provides major mining corporations all the more reason to start adopting this environmentally friendly method.

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